During which solstice does the subsolar point reach its southernmost position?

The subsolar point occurs where the sun's rays hit the Earth directly at a perpendicular angle. During the winter solstice, which occurs around December 21 or 22 in the Northern Hemisphere, this point is at its southernmost position. At this time, the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S latitude) is directly under the sun.

This phenomenon results in the Southern Hemisphere experiencing its longest day and highest solar intensity, while the Northern Hemisphere experiences its shortest day and lower solar intensity. Understanding the seasonal changes that occur during the solstices helps clarify the relationship between the Earth’s axial tilt and the sun's position throughout the year.