What defines the Mediterranean climate from others in midlatitude regions?

The Mediterranean climate is characterized by its unique pattern of seasonal precipitation and temperature variations. The defining feature that distinguishes it from other midlatitude climates is the presence of defined wet and dry seasons. This climate generally experiences warm to hot, dry summers and mild, wetter winters.

In contrast to marine west-coast climates which receive more consistent precipitation throughout the year, the Mediterranean climate's dry summers can lead to stark contrasts in moisture levels. While temperature variation does exist, the true hallmark of the Mediterranean climate is how it manages rainfall, with a significant difference between the dry season and wetter months, rather than just focusing on temperature extremes.

This pattern of concentrated precipitation during the winter months and relatively arid summers affects local ecosystems and agricultural practices, which are adapted to take advantage of these seasonal trends. Understanding this climate classification is essential for anyone studying physical geography, as it influences both human activities and the natural environment in regions where it prevails.