What is the term for the weight of the atmosphere pressing down at any point on Earth's surface?

Atmospheric pressure refers to the weight of the air above a particular point on Earth's surface pressing down due to gravity. It is a crucial concept in physical geography as it influences weather conditions and patterns. Atmospheric pressure varies with altitude; at higher elevations, there is less air above, leading to lower pressure. This pressure is measured in units such as pascals (Pa) or millibars (mb) and has significant effects on weather systems, including wind patterns and precipitation.

In understanding atmospheric pressure, it’s important to note its relevance in everyday life; for instance, high atmospheric pressure typically signals fair weather, while low pressure can indicate stormy conditions. Recognizing the significance of atmospheric pressure helps in comprehending larger processes in meteorology and climatology.